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The Boulonnais originated in the
Northwest of France. It is a very ancient breed, although it was not officially
recognized as a breed until the 17th century. The Boulonnais developed from
heavy draft horses of pre-Christian times, and owes its quality and spirit to
early infusions of Arabian and Barb blood during the 16th century.
This breed is often described
as the Thoroughbred of the heavy horse - they have an exceptionally fine
head for a horse of their size, combined with an excellent free-flowing
action. In fact, the Boulonnais have such an admirable turn of speed that
they were commonly used as carriage horses. They also have very fine skin
with delicate veins, which has led to their being compared to polished
marble.
As well as the large
Boulonnais there was the Mareyeuses, or the "Petite Boulonnais", which was a
smaller build, standing at between 15 hh and 15.2 hh. This swifter animal
was used to transport fish from coastal regions to Paris quickly The
Mareyeuse has virtually disappeared and the numbers of the Boulonnais itself
were greatly depleted during the Second World War. They are noted for their
stamina and endurance and are able to maintain a steady speed over great
distances. Due to their quality they are often used to improve other draft
bloodlines in much the same way as the Thoroughbred is used to improve
riding stock. Sadly, their use is somewhat limited now, although the
preservation of the breed is ensured by the vigilance of the French National
Studs and the larger types are bred widely for use in the French meat
industry.
In appearance the Boulonnais
is a very large and heavy horse, standing up to 17 hh. They have a fine head
as noted, with expressive eyes. The neck is nearly always gently curved and
very well set to a nicely sloping shoulder which allows for their action.
They have a broad chest, powerful quarter with clean legs, and often have
flat hooves. The legs are very powerful and have very well-made large
joints. A peculiar feature they tend to have is a bushy tail, which could be
a throwback to their eastern influence. The predominant color is gray,
although bay and chestnut are not uncommon.
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