The Soviet Heavy Draft originated in
Russia at the end of the 19th century, becoming established by the
1940s. They evolved through crossing native mares with imported
Percheron and Belgian stallions and interbreeding the progeny. This
resulted in a heavy draft horse of massive build, but with surprisingly
free movement at the walk and trot. They are one of the most common
draft horses in the Soviet Union, and are frequently used to improve
other heavy draft breeds. They mature quickly, but are less resistant
to disease than some other breeds.
They have a well-proportioned head with
a pronounced jaw and straight or convex profile. The neck is usually
very short and muscular, the chest broad and deep, the shoulders
straight and strong, the back short, and very strong, very muscular
quarters, and a rounded barrel.
Their legs are very strong and sturdy
with good, solid joints and broad, rounded hooves. Conformational
faults include being prone to pigeon toes in the front feet and
sickle hocks behind. Generally they are chestnut, but can also be
bay or roan in color, and they tend to stand between 15 and 15.3
hands high.
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